第12屆國際斑蛾研討會

此次會議預計於2010年5月5-9日於土耳其Hatay召開. 相關活動資訊請見此處.

中國產紋翅蛾科新紀錄屬Pyrodeces屬與其一新種、兩新紀錄種描述

The genus Pyroderces Herrich-Schäffer new to China, with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)

文獻出處: Zhang Z and Li H. 2009. The genus Pyroderces Herrich-Schäffer new to China, with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zootaxa 2272: 63-68

[Abstract]

簡介
本文描述紋翅蛾科Pyrodeces屬在中國的首次紀錄以及一新種(P. bifurcata)與兩新紀錄種(P. argyrogrammos & P. sarcogypsa)的發表。 根據Sinev (2002)與此文中新種的發表，全世界Pyrodeces屬共計11種，而台灣鱗翅目誌中所列的P. simplex Walsingham, 1891與P. nephelopyrrha (Meyrick, 1917)已被Sinev置於Anatrachyntis屬中，故台灣目前並無Pyrodeces屬的物種紀錄。

參考文獻
Heppner JB and Inoue H. 1992. Lepidoptera of Taiwan, 1(2), Checklist. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, USA, 276 pp.
Sinev, SY. 2002. World catalogue of cosmopterigid moths (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, 293, 183 pp.

Abstract
The genus Pyroderces Herrich-Schäffer is recorded for the first time from China. Three species are included: Pyroderces bifurcata sp. nov. is described as new; P. argyrogrammos (Zeller) and P. sarcogypsa (Meyrick) are newly recorded for China. Images of the adults and the genitalia are provided, along with a key to the species from China.

[書介]歐洲蝴蝶之生態學 Ecology of Butterflies in Europe

[書名] Ecology of Butterflies in Europe
[作者] Edited by Josef Settele, Tim Shreeve, Martin Konvicka and Hans van Dyck
[出版年代] 2009
[出版單位] Cambridge University Press
[規格] 513 pages, 37 b/w illus, 24 col illus, 27 tabs.
[ISBN] ISBN-13: 9780521747592
[原文書介網頁] 在此
[內容介紹]
由於蝴蝶具有獨特的吸引力以及他們在研究生物學問題時扮演模式系統的實用功能，在歐洲有大量關於蝴蝶生物學的書籍資料。本書集結了所有此領域重要且近期的知識，對於將此分類群作為模式系統利用的人來說是不可或缺的工具。本書共分為五大部分，茲將各部分主題介紹如下：

引言

1. 介紹:歐洲蝴蝶之生態學- 現在與未來

第一部分 棲地利用:資源與限制

2. 蝴蝶成蟲的食物資源 3. 蝴蝶的交配行為 4. 蝴蝶產卵之位置、行為與模式 5. 蝴蝶的食草與幼蟲生態 6.蝴蝶的體溫調節與棲地利用 7. 蝴蝶的物種分佈模式之預測

第二部分 族群生態學

8. 蝴蝶的族群結構與動態 9. 蝴蝶擴散的代價與獲益 10. 蝴蝶的族群遺傳學 11.歐洲蝴蝶的擬寄生物

第三部分 演化生物學

12. 蝴蝶的適應性與可塑性：基因與環境的交互作用表現 13.蝴蝶翅膀形態在功能上的重要性 14.蝴蝶生殖力的演化生態學 15.蝴蝶生物學的梯度

第四部分 時間與空間中的物種：分佈與親緣關係

16.壞物種-生態學與演化學如何混淆蝴蝶的分類 17.蝴蝶之動物相結構、親緣地理與歷史意義 18.蝴蝶的豐富度樣式與梯度 19.蝴蝶雜交帶的生態遺傳學與演化生態學

第五部分 全球變遷與保育

20.氣候暖化與蝴蝶分佈之改變 21.歐洲蝴蝶的保育地位 22. 蝴蝶的（關聯）族群生存力分析是否為保育瀕危物種時的水晶球 23. 歐洲生態系統的蝴蝶-土地利用的衝擊與保育經營管理上的機會

我們的島 - 再見 蝴蝶

公視我們的島節目將在10月19日播出"再見 蝴蝶". 請至其官方網頁瞭解其播出內容.

中國產Epipristis屬尺蛾之分類檢討以及兩新種之描述

文獻來源: HAN H, EXPÓSITO HERMOSA A, XUE D. 2009. A taxonomic study of Epipristis Meyrick, 1888 from China, with descriptions of two new species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae). Zootaxa 2263: 31–41. [全文下載]

Abstract
The genus Epipristis Meyrick, 1888 from China is reviewed, and two new species are described: E. roseus sp. nov., from North China and E. pullusa sp. nov., from Central China. The three previously known species from China are redescribed. A key to all species from China is provided. Illustrations of adults and genitalia are presented.

刊登於泰晤士報的Dr. Gaden Robinson生平與弔謁

其pdf檔請由此連結下載

晚近擴張物種在第四紀冰河期的歷史與現代分布模式

文獻來源：C Kerdelhué et al.. 2009. Quaternary history and contemporary patterns in a currently expanding species. BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 220 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-220

背景
第四紀的氣候振盪對物種的演化造成巨大的影響。在高緯度地區，族群必須在避難所區域度過嚴寒的冰河期，然後週期性地在間冰期拓殖回高緯度地帶。這種歷史通常會導致遺傳多樣性的損失；反之，未經歷過冰河時期的族群，可能會比其祖先具有較高的遺傳多樣性。這些特色強烈影響到現今的遺傳多樣性分佈狀況，甚至影響到這些物種如何因應當前的全球變遷。作者針對一種廣分佈的松舟蛾複合群(Thaumetopoea pityocampa/T. wilkinsoni complex, Notodontidae)進行粒線體遺傳多樣性的研究，該種是地中海盆地與南歐地區的森林性害蟲。此物種對近期氣候變遷的反應為快速的自然擴張其分佈區域，其中或許也包括偶然的人為遷移。本研究的目標是探討第四紀冰河期氣候振盪是否影響該物種的分佈範圍，以及判斷晚近拓殖地區的族群是否能鑑別岀近代遷移過程的遺傳足跡。

結果
作者鑑別岀三個具有地理結構的主要支系。在大部份的歐洲地區，其遺傳岐異度的樣式符合典型經過顯著冰河週期的物種。除了避難所以外，歐洲的各個族群的特色為只具有一種單倍基因型(haplotype)與基因多樣性極低，此特色被預期發生在氣候條件變好時受到物種快速地重新拓殖的地區。相反地，其他在地中海盆地周圍的次支系發生在受限的部分且有強烈的空間結構，如同受冰河影響有限的區域，在各個族群中保留其高度的遺傳多樣性，且大多數的單倍基因型是該地特有的。這種格局在地中海的遙遠離島（克里特島、塞普勒斯、科西嘉島）上格外顯著，亦具有特有的單倍基因型。近期引入的典型是會在地理分佈距離遙遠的族群間出現非常近似的單倍基因型，但是由於缺乏整體的遺傳結構、故在歐洲大部份的地區難以偵測。

結論
在冰川作用不明顯的地區，晚近的蛾類引入/擴張可由是否存在強烈的空間遺傳結構來偵測。反之，經歷第四紀冰河期強烈氣候振盪的區域，其天然族群則缺乏遺傳結構，而晚近的族群擴張樣式則尚無法偵測。

Abstract
Background Quaternary climatic oscillations had dramatic effects on species evolution. In northern latitudes, populations had to survive the coldest periods in refugial areas and recurrently colonized northern regions during interglacials. Such a history usually results in a loss of genetic diversity. Populations that did not experience glaciations, in contrast, probably maintained most of their ancestral genetic diversity. These characteristics dramatically affected the present-day distribution of genetic diversity and may influence the ability of species to cope with the current global changes. We conducted a range-wide study of mitochondrial genetic diversity in the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa/T. wilkinsoni complex, Notodontidae), a forest pest occurring around the Mediterranean Basin and in southern Europe. This species is responding to the current climate change by rapid natural range expansion and can also be accidentally transported by humans. Our aim was to assess if Quaternary climatic oscillations had a different effect across the species' range and to determine if genetic footprints of contemporary processes can be identified in areas of recent introduction.
Results We identified three main clades that were spatially structured. In most of Europe, the genetic diversity pattern was typical for species that experienced marked glaciation cycles. Except in refugia, European populations were characterized by the occurrence of one main haplotype and by a strong reduction in genetic diversity, which is expected in regions that were rapidly re-colonized when climatic conditions improved. In contrast, all other sub-clades around the Mediterranean Basin occurred in limited parts of the range and were strongly structured in space, as is expected in regions in which the impact of glaciations was limited. In such places, genetic diversity was retained in most populations, and almost all haplotypes were endemic. This pattern was extreme on remote Mediterranean islands (Crete, Cyprus, Corsica) where highly differentiated, endemic haplotypes were found. Recent introductions were typified by the existence of closely-related haplotypes in geographically distant populations, which is difficult to detect in most of Europe because of a lack of overall genetic structure.
Conclusion In regions that were not prone to marked glaciations, recent moth introductions/expansions could be detected due to the existence of a strong spatial genetic structure. In contrast, in regions that experienced the most intense Quaternary climatic oscillations, the natural populations are not genetically structured, and contemporary patterns of population expansion remain undetected.