文獻來源: Sohn J-C, Regier JC, Mitter C, Davis D, Landry J-F, et al. (2013) A Molecular Phylogeny for Yponomeutoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Ditrysia) and Its Implications for Classification, Biogeography and the Evolution of Host Plant Use. PLoS ONE 8(1): e55066. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055066
Abstract
Yponomeutoidea, one of the early-diverging lineages of ditrysian Lepidoptera, comprise about 1,800 species worldwide, including notable pests and insect-plant interaction models. Yponomeutoids were one of the earliest lepidopteran clades to evolve external feeding and to extensively colonize herbaceous angiosperms. Despite the group’s economic importance, and its value for tracing early lepidopteran evolution, the biodiversity and phylogeny of Yponomeutoidea have been relatively little studied.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Eight nuclear genes (8 kb) were initially sequenced for 86 putative yponomeutoid species, spanning all previously recognized suprageneric groups, and 53 outgroups representing 22 families and 12 superfamilies. Eleven to 19 additional genes, yielding a total of 14.8 to 18.9 kb, were then sampled for a subset of taxa, including 28 yponomeutoids and 43 outgroups. Maximum likelihood analyses were conducted on data sets differing in numbers of genes, matrix completeness, inclusion/weighting of synonymous substitutions, and inclusion/exclusion of “rogue” taxa. Monophyly for Yponomeutoidea was supported very strongly when the 18 “rogue” taxa were excluded, and moderately otherwise. Results from different analyses are highly congruent and relationships within Yponomeutoidea are well supported overall. There is strong support overall for monophyly of families previously recognized on morphological grounds, including Yponomeutidae, Ypsolophidae, Plutellidae, Glyphipterigidae, Argyresthiidae, Attevidae, Praydidae, Heliodinidae, and Bedelliidae. We also assign family rank to Scythropiinae (Scythropiidae stat. rev.), which in our trees are strongly grouped with Bedelliidae, in contrast to all previous proposals. We present a working hypothesis of among-family relationships, and an informal higher classification. Host plant family associations of yponomeutoid subfamilies and families are non-random, but show no trends suggesting parallel phylogenesis. Our analyses suggest that previous characterizations of yponomeutoids as predominantly Holarctic were based on insufficient sampling.
We provide the first robust molecular phylogeny for Yponomeutoidea, together with a revised classification and new insights into their life history evolution and biogeography.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Eight nuclear genes (8 kb) were initially sequenced for 86 putative yponomeutoid species, spanning all previously recognized suprageneric groups, and 53 outgroups representing 22 families and 12 superfamilies. Eleven to 19 additional genes, yielding a total of 14.8 to 18.9 kb, were then sampled for a subset of taxa, including 28 yponomeutoids and 43 outgroups. Maximum likelihood analyses were conducted on data sets differing in numbers of genes, matrix completeness, inclusion/weighting of synonymous substitutions, and inclusion/exclusion of “rogue” taxa. Monophyly for Yponomeutoidea was supported very strongly when the 18 “rogue” taxa were excluded, and moderately otherwise. Results from different analyses are highly congruent and relationships within Yponomeutoidea are well supported overall. There is strong support overall for monophyly of families previously recognized on morphological grounds, including Yponomeutidae, Ypsolophidae, Plutellidae, Glyphipterigidae, Argyresthiidae, Attevidae, Praydidae, Heliodinidae, and Bedelliidae. We also assign family rank to Scythropiinae (Scythropiidae stat. rev.), which in our trees are strongly grouped with Bedelliidae, in contrast to all previous proposals. We present a working hypothesis of among-family relationships, and an informal higher classification. Host plant family associations of yponomeutoid subfamilies and families are non-random, but show no trends suggesting parallel phylogenesis. Our analyses suggest that previous characterizations of yponomeutoids as predominantly Holarctic were based on insufficient sampling.
We provide the first robust molecular phylogeny for Yponomeutoidea, together with a revised classification and new insights into their life history evolution and biogeography.
一般人對巢蛾總科的成員究竟包含了什麼其實是不太熟的。除了網路上經常流傳的"巢蛾幼蟲把汽車整的吐絲蓋起來"以外，大家還想到什麼物種屬於巢蛾總科？有的。就是小菜蛾。事實上巢蛾總科的多樣性非常高，然而其科級分類與科間關係一直缺乏基於現代科學方法與綿密分類群取樣的假說。這篇由馬里蘭大學孫在天博士所撰寫的文章，使用多個基因與非常多的分類群重建了一個被強力支持的新假說。而這個新的假說也提供了修正巢蛾總科科級分類架構以及探索演化生態學議題的基礎。
在科級分類方面，他建議巢蛾總科應該這麼分：
在科級分類方面，他建議巢蛾總科應該這麼分：
Superfamily Yponomeutoidea 巢蛾總科
Family Yponomeutidae 巢蛾科
Subfamily Yponomeutinae 巢蛾亞科
Tribe Yponomeutini 巢蛾族
Tribe Niphonymphini 雪巢蛾族(新擬中名)
Subfamily Saridoscelinae.
Family Ypsolophidae 冠翅蛾科
Subfamily Ypsolophinae 冠翅蛾亞科
Subfamily Ochsenheimeriinae 莖蛾亞科
Family Plutellidae 菜蛾科
Family Glyphipterigidae 雕蛾科
Subfamily Orthoteliinae 直紋蛾亞科(新擬中名)
Subfamily Glyphipteriginae 雕蛾亞科
Subfamily Acrolepiinae 偽菜蛾亞科
Family Argyresthiidae 銀蛾科
Family Lyonetiidae 潛蛾科
Subfamily Lyonetiinae 潛蛾亞科
Subfamily Cemiostominae
Family Attevidae 斑巢蛾科
Family Praydidae
Family Heliodinidae 日逐蛾科
Family Bedelliidae 巴氏蛾科
Family Scythropiidae 山楂蛾科(新擬中名)
Subfamily Yponomeutinae 巢蛾亞科
Tribe Yponomeutini 巢蛾族
Tribe Niphonymphini 雪巢蛾族(新擬中名)
Subfamily Saridoscelinae.
Family Ypsolophidae 冠翅蛾科
Subfamily Ypsolophinae 冠翅蛾亞科
Subfamily Ochsenheimeriinae 莖蛾亞科
Family Plutellidae 菜蛾科
Family Glyphipterigidae 雕蛾科
Subfamily Orthoteliinae 直紋蛾亞科(新擬中名)
Subfamily Glyphipteriginae 雕蛾亞科
Subfamily Acrolepiinae 偽菜蛾亞科
Family Argyresthiidae 銀蛾科
Family Lyonetiidae 潛蛾科
Subfamily Lyonetiinae 潛蛾亞科
Subfamily Cemiostominae
Family Attevidae 斑巢蛾科
Family Praydidae
Family Heliodinidae 日逐蛾科
Family Bedelliidae 巴氏蛾科
Family Scythropiidae 山楂蛾科(新擬中名)
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